Pain Relief is one of the major objective of Physiotherapy.燭his article explain how physiotherapy helps in pain treatment by physiotherapy and the physical modalities that can be used for pain treatment.

揊or all the happiness,燤ankind can gain.

Its not in pleasure,燘ut in relief from pain.?/p>

John Dryden

Pain Relief is one of the major objective of?a href="http://physiolinedelhi.com/">Physiotherapy. And, it is a great objective as most of the population who seeks medical advice, do so after having pain of some kind or other.Physiotherapy爄s not an exception either.

PAIN

The word 憄ain?is derived from the latin爌oena,爉eaning punishment. The International Association for the study of Pain (IASP) defines pain as 揳n unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.?/p>

This definition clearly shows that pain has an emotional aspect associated with it. The defition also focusses on the protective role of pain as it may occur even in the presence of potential tissue damage, thus, act as a signal that the part of the body or whole body is in some form of distress.

Etiological Classification of Pain

There are two categories broadly in which pain can occur:

1. Traumatological
2. Pathological

TRAUMATOLOGICAL

This pain is the result of some kind of trauma. This may include:

• Trauma due to external injury e.g. pain due to fracture or pain after a soft tissue injury
• Micro ?Trauma or Repetetive Stress/ Strain Injury e.g. lateral epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow), osteoarthritis knee joint.

PATHOLOGICAL

The pain is due to some kind of underlying disease process.

Pathological process can further燿ivided爄nto:

• Inflammatory (rheumatoid arthritis,爃epatitis) or non- inflammatory(cancerous growth, hysterical pain)
• Infectious (pain in燾hikungunya,爌ain in爐uberculosis) or non- infectious (Cervical or lumbar radiculopathy due to PIVD)
• Local (cystic ganglion, complex regional pain syndrome) or Systemic (gouty arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis)
• congenital (chest pain due to heart anomalies) or acquired

Effects of Pain on quality of life

There are some factors that can act as markers while giving the therapy, so that clients own views can be considered about?a href="http://physiolinedelhi.com/">physiotherapy爐reatment outcomes. This is specially important in the patient centered ?model of treatment.These markers are:

• Physical functioning
• Social functioning
• Psychological distress/ well- being
• Health perception (general)
• Bodily Pain
• Energy/ fatigue
• Sleep pattern
• cognitive functioning

Measurement of Pain

The simplest and the most reliable scale for pain measurement before and after?a href="http://physiolinedelhi.com/">physiotherapytreatment is燰isual Analogue Scale?VAS). It require that the patient will rate his pain on the scale with markings from 0-10.

?No distress ??| ?爘 ??爘 ??爘 ??| ??| ??| ??| ??| ??| ??|10 牋Unbearable distress

Philosophy for Pain Treatment

The role of?a href="http://physiolinedelhi.com/">physiotherapy爄n pain treatment spans the settings of inpatient, outpatient and home treatment. The approach to patient care must be interdisciplinary, and must include other medical professionals and allied health care爌rofessionals燼nd allied health care professionals. Presently, patient- centered model is followed and the patient抯 satisfaction is the foremost thing. But the equal importance must be given to restore function, patient抯 education and prevent recurrent injuries.

Modalities for Pain Treatment

Physical modalities used by?a href="http://physiolinedelhi.com/">Physiotherapist爁or treatment of pain:

Stretch

• Sustained and selective stretching
• Hold- Relax PNF pattern
• Contract- Relax PNF pattern
• Post- isometric relaxation

Strengthening

• Isometric
• Isotonic ?Concentric and Eccentric
• Isokinetic

Endurance Exercises

• Pool therapy
• Aerobic exercises ?biking, swimming, jogging

Superficial thermal modalities

• Hot packs (Hydrocollater or moist packs)
• Paraffin Wax Bath
• Heat Lamps

Deep thermal modalities

• Ultrasonic therapy
• Shortwave Diathermy

Superficial cold

• Ice massage
• Ice packs
• Cryo- sprays
• Cryo- compression units

Electrical modalities

• Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
• Interferential therapy (IFT)

Bracing

• Resting
• Functional

Assistive devices

• Devices that helps in爉obility
• Devices that helps in燼ctivities of daily living

Patient抯 education

• Work simplification
• Energy conservation
• Joint燾onservation
• Back燾onservation